ОЦІНКА ВПЛИВУ СМІТТЄЗВАЛИЩА СЕЛА ДУБРІВКА ІРШАВСЬКОГО РАЙОНУ НА ЕКОЛОГІЧНИЙ СТАН ҐРУНТІВ ПРИЛЕГЛИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ

Анотація

This paper evaluates the impact of solid domestic waste landfill sites on the environment. It has been shown that landfill sites have a complex negative impact on land condition. This effect depends on the lifetime and loading degree of the landfill site, as well as the nature of the waste generated. The data analysis showed that the exploitation of those sites is carried out in violation of the established requirements and this negatively affects the environment. According to the results of the analysis, the excess of the threshold limit value (TLV, for arable land) exceeds the content of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn) in landfill sites and in soils several times compared with control points. Their concentration is gradually increasing which indicates the accumulation of these compounds in soils.

Indicators at the checkpoint are close to the indicators at the epicenter of the landfill site, which indicates an accelerated washout of heavy metal compounds from the landfill site, e.g. the intense migration of toxicants to the soil and surface waters with subsequent possible accumulation in plant tissues. Such direct involvement of compounds of heavy metals in the cycle of chemical elements is the most dangerous consequence of changes in the biochemical properties of soils in adjacent areas and in landfill sites. The causes of such dangerous processes are the acidification of soils (resulting in an increase in the number of moving types of heavy metals).

According to the results of the analysis in the zone of influence of the landfill site of solid household waste, excess of the content of harmful substances in soils is observed comparing to the control TLV area.

The parameters fluctuations in different periods of the year (autumn - spring) are not observed, so we can talk about the relative value continuity of this indicator. There is no artificial soils liming. Note that artificial soil liming reduces the migration of heavy metals. And given that there is an increased content of compounds of heavy metals, it becomes clear that those measurements are necessary for this site.

Ecological state of the landfill site in Dubrovka village (Irshava district) and adjacent territories can be described as unsatisfactory. However, due to significant amount of reasons, and lack of free land plots for new landfill sites, those sites continue to be exploited. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce environmental protection measures at the landfill sites that will enable them to reduce their environmental burden.